Fuzzy multi-attribute cost-benefit analysis of e-services

E-service evaluation is a complex problem in which many qualitative attributes must be considered. These kinds of attributes make the evaluation process hard and vague. Cost–benefit analyses applied to various areas are usually based on the data under certainty or risk. In case of uncertain, vague, and/or linguistic data, the fuzzy set theory can be used to handle the analysis. In this article, after the evaluation attributes of e-services and the fuzzy multi-attribute decisionmaking methods are introduced, a fuzzy hierarchical TOPSIS model is developed and applied to an e-service provider selection problem with some sensitivity analyses. The developed model is a useful tool for the companies that prefer outsourcing for e-activities. It is shown that service systems can be effectively evaluated by the proposed method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.